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Amongst voting systems, consider first past the post voting, instant runoff voting, accumulative voting and approval voting. These four systems can be recast, so that voters could choose which to use before they vote: FPTPV, IRV, ACCV and APPV can be remade to be different facets of the same core system.

To show this, an example of a vertical ballot and a horizontal equivalent.

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3 Which system is best?

BALLOT KR Vertical

DD [___] Camel

EE [___] Horse

FF [___] Donkey

GG [___] Ass

HH [___] Mule

JJ [___] Mustang

KK [___] Camel

FPPV BALLOT ____ KR Horizontal DD EE FF GG HH JJ KK ___ ___ ___ ___ __x ___ ___

IRVN Optional __ KR Horizontal DD EE FF GG HH JJ KK __2 ___ ___ ___ __1 ___ __3

IRVK Compulsary_ KR Horizontal DD EE FF GG HH JJ KK __2 __7 __5 __6 __1 __4 __3

CUM3 Cummulative KR Horizontal DD EE FF GG HH JJ KK ___ ___ ___ ___ xxx ___ ___

CUM1 Cummulative KR Horizontal DD EE FF GG HH JJ KK __x ___ ___ ___ _xx ___ ___

APRV Approval __ KR Horizontal DD EE FF GG HH JJ KK __x ___ ___ ___ __x ___ __x

Preferential Voting (IRV) usually does not allow numbers to be duplicated. If it did allow this, then an IRV 1,1,1 would be equivalent to a APRV X,X,X. Conversely, Approval voting usually only allows X's. If Approval Voting allow numbers, then you would have option preferential voting IRVO.

The main reason for only allowing for numbers or X's as the case may be, is primarily to suit the mechanics of the tabulation of the votes. Old mechanical voting machines that might handle Cummulative voting are out of their deepth whn it comes to Instant Runoff Voting.

Note the if you have Full Compulsory IRV, then all other systems are ... cannot think of right word ... degraded/less-than-full-featured/disabled/whatever.

Note the if you have Full Compulsary IRV, then you have enough infrastructure to handle the other systems listed.

Which system is best?

After showing that the four listed voting systems can be "hubbed" on the same basic system, namely IRV, it becomes possible to imagine that people could use all the systems. The choice of system then depends on what factors are important. For example, IRVN allows no duplicate numbers and always has a tie breaking element. At the other extreme, APRV Approval voting contains no tie breaking elements at all, and leaves that to others. THe other listed systems are somewhere in between.