The Battle of Gilboa was fought in northern Israel in Biblical times. It was fought by King Saul of Israel against the Philistines under the leadership of Achish.

Uncertain of God's support, Saul went in disguise before the battle to see the Witch of Endor, and instructed her to summon the deceased Samuel up from Sheol. Samuel told Saul that God had turned away from him, and that he and his sons would die in the battle.

Despite the withdrawal of God's support he marched out to fight the Philistines and he and his sons were slain.