Cleopatra is the name given to several historical and mythological figures, most especially:
- Cleopatra VII of Egypt, last of the Ptolemaic rulers of Egypt, lover of Roman leaders Julius Caesar and Mark Antony, and the subject of several plays (including one by Shakespeare) and various films
- The sister of Alexander the Great
- Cleopatra Selene, daughter of Antony and Cleopatra
- Daughter of Idas and wife of Meleager in Greek mythology
- The myth of Cleopatra is based on Cleopatra of Egypt. This myth portrays Cleopatra as a beautiful and dangerous seductress, as a doomed lover, as a powerful queen, or perhaps as all three.
- Cleopatra (movie) for movies based on the life of Cleopatra of Egypt
- The name of a musical group from England whose hits included Cleopatra, Coming At You
- The name of a musical group from Greece who entered the Eurovision Song Contest 1992 with the song "Olou Tou Kosmou I Elpida"