In wilderness first aid, evacuation is the transport of a seriously injured person out of the wilderness to the nearest point an ambulance can reach to take them to the hospital, or to the nearest emergency room. It is first necessary to stabilize the patient prior to moving them to avoid causing further injury. Evacuation may involve carrying the victim some distance on improvised stretchers, a travois or other improvised carrying gear.

In bomb threats, evacuation is clearing all people out of an area and secure the perimeter, until the bomb squad has concluded that there is no bomb, or has removed it, or has detonated it safely, or has dismantled it.