Johann Georg Gmelin (August 8, 1709 - May 20, 1755) was a German naturalist.

Gmelin was appointed professor of chemistry and natural history in St Petersburg in 1731, and from 1733 to 1743 made a journey of scientific exploration through Siberia. His major works were Flora Sibirica (4 vols., 1749-1750) and Reisen durch Sibirien (4 vols., 1753). He spent his final years as professor of medicine at Tubingen, a post to which he was appointed in 1749.

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