The term Oriental cat is not used for any one particular breed. Rather, it describes a set of physical characteristics belonging to a number of cats from Southeast Asia.

Orientals have small, lean, athletic bodies, large triangular ears, almond-shaped eyes, and usually a very curious, inquisitive, intelligent temperament. They also have a loud voice and 'talk' a lot more than most other cats. Originally, all orientals were short-haired, with a very light-weight and generally light-coloured coat befitting the hot climate of their origin, but they have been cross-bred with persian cats and other long-haired to create medium and long-haired oriental breeds such as the birman cat and Himalayan cat.

The most ubiquitous 'oriental' cat is the siamese cat. Other oriental breeds include the Japanese bobtail (described as a semi-oriental), burmese cat, balinese cat and many others.