Pauline Baynes (born 1922) is an English book illustrator, whose work encompasses more than 100 books.

Her best known work is probably her illustrations in The Chronicles of Narnia by C. S. Lewis.

She was also J. R. R. Tolkien's chosen illustrator: Farmer Giles of Ham, The Adventures of Tom Bombadil, Smith of Wootton Major, Tree and Leaf, and after Tolkien's death the poem Bilbo's Last Song (as a poster in 1974, as a book in 1990). She also painted the covers for the British 1973 one-volume and 1981 three-volume paperback editions of The Lord of the Rings, and produced illustrated versions of the maps from The Lord of the Rings and The Hobbit.