The Diocese of Quebec is the oldest Catholic see in the New World north of the Rio Grande. It was founded as the Apostolic Vicarate of New France in 1658 and was elevated to a Diocese in 1674 and an Archdiocese in 1819. It lost large pieces of its territory with the formation of the Dioceses of Halifax and Kingston in 1817, the Diocese of Winnipeg in 1844 and the Diocese of Montreal (see Bishops of Montreal) in 1852. The Archbishop of Quebec has the largely ceremonial title of Primate of Canada.
- Bishop François de Montmorency-Laval (1658-1688)
- Bishop Jean Baptiste de la Croix Chevrière de Saint-Vallier (1688-1727)
- Bishop Louis François Duplessis de Mornay (1727-1733)
- Bishop Pierre Hermann Dosquet (1733-1739)
- Bishop François Louis Pourroy de Lauberivière (1739-1740)
- Bishop Henri-Marie Dubreuil de Pontbriand (1741-1760)
- Bishop Jean-Olivier Briand (1766-1784)
- Bishop Louis-Philippe-François Mariauchau d'Esglis (1784-1788)
- Bishop Jean-François Hubert (1788-1797)
- Bishop Pierre Denaut (1797-1806)
- Archbishop Joseph-Octave Plessis (1806-1825)
- Archbishop Bernard-Claude Panet (1825-1833)
- Archbishop Joseph Signay (1833-1850)
- Archbishop Pierre-Flavien Turgeon (1850-1867)
- Archbishop Charles-François Baillargeon (1855-1870)
- Cardinal Archbishop Elzéar-Alexandre Taschereau (1871-1898)
- Cardinal Archbishop Louis Nazaire Bégin (1898-1925)
- Archbishop Paul-Eugène Roy (1925-1926)
- Cardinal Archbishop Felix-Raymond-Marie Rouleau (1926-1931)
- Cardinal Archbishop Jean-Marie-Rodrigue Villeneuve (1931-1947)
- Cardinal Archbishop Maurice Roy (1947-1981)
- Cardinal Archbishop Louis-Albert Vachon (1981-1990)
- Archbishop Maurice Couture (1990-2002)
- Cardinal Archbishop Marc Ouellet (2002-pres.)
