Sidney Lanier (1842 - September 7, 1881) was an American musician and poet.

Lanier studied at Oglethorpe University, Atlanta, Georgia. He fought in the American Civil War, was captured, and caught tuberculosis. He played flute for the Peabody Orchestra in Baltimore, Maryland, and wrote poetry for magazines, the most famous being "Corn" (1875), "The Symphony" (1875), and "Centennial Meditation" (1876). He also published "King Arthur and His Knights of the Round Table", a notable redaction of Sir Thomas Malory's Arthuriad, and a separate work "The Boy's King Arthur", (1880).

Lanier died from complications brought about by his tuberculosis.

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