This list includes many of the common large shrubs of Canada, as well as the trees. Many of the trees on this list are introduced as ornamentals or for food and are not common in Canada. Also due to the vast area of Canada, a tree that is common in one area, may be completely absent or unable to grow in another area.
Abies firs
- amabilis pacific silver fir
- balsamea balsam fir
- concolor white fir - introduced
- grandis grand fir
- lasiocarpa subalpine fir
- magnifica California red fir - introduced
- nordmanniana nordmann fir - introduced
- pinsapo Spanish fir - introduced
- procera noble fir - introduced
- circinatum vine maple
- xfreemanii Freeman's maple
- ginnala amur maple - introduced
- glabrum Douglas maple
- macrophyllum bigleaf maple
- negundo Manitoba maple or boxelder
- nigrum black maple
- palmatum Japanese maple - introduced
- pensylvanicum striped maple
- platanoides Norway maple - introduced
- pseudoplatanus sycamore maple - introduced
- rubrum red maple
- saccharinum silver maple
- saccharum sugar maple
- spicatum mountain maple
- x carnea red horsechestnut - introduced
- glabra Ohio buckeye
- hippocastanum horsechestnut - introduced
Alnus alders
- glutinosa European black alder - introduced
- incana speckled alder
- rubra red alder
- serrulata hazel alder
- viridis green alder
- alnifolia saskatoon berry
- arborea downy serviceberry
- bartramiana mountain serviceberry
- florida pacific serviceberry
- laevis smooth serviceberry
- sanguinea roundleaf serviceberry
Arbutus menziesii Pacific madrone
Asimina triloba pawpaw
Aurucaria aurucana monkey puzzle - introduced
Betula birches
- alleghaniensis yellow birch
- X caerulea blueleaf birch
- cordifolia mountanpaper birch
- kenaica Kenai paper birch
- lenta cherry birch
- neoalaskana Alaska paper birch
- occidentalis water birch
- papyrifera white birch
- pendula European white birch - introduced
- populifolia gray birch
Carpinus caroliniana hornbeam or blue-beech
Carya hickories
- cordiformis bitternut hickory
- glabra red and pignut hickories
- laciniosa shellbark hickory
- ovata shagbark hickory
- dentata American chestnut
- mollissima Chinese chestnut - introduced
- bignonioides southern catalpa
- ovata Japanese catalpa
- speciosa northern catalpa
- atlantica atlas cedar - introduced
- deodora deodar cedar - introduced
- libani cedar of Lebanon - introduced
- occidentalis hackberry
- tenuifolia dwarf hackberry
Cercidiphyllum japonicum Katsura-tree - introduced
Cercis canadensis redbud
Chamaecyparis
- lawsoniana Lawson-cypress - introduced
- nootkatensis yellow-cedar
- obtusa Hinoki-cypress - introduced
- pisifera sawara-cypress - introduced
Cornus dogwoods
- alternifolia alternate-leaved dogwood
- florida eastern flowering dogwood
- kousa Kousa dogwood - introduced
- mas Cornelian-cherry
- nuttallii western flowering dogwood
- americana American hazel
- avellana European filbert - introduced
- colurna Turkish hazel - introduced
- cornuta beaked hazel
Crataegus Hawthorns - too many species to list.
Cryptomeria japonica Japanese-cedar - introduced
Elaeagnus
- angustifolia Russian-olive - introduced
- commutata silverberry
- alatus winged euonymus - introduced
- atropurpureus burning-bush euonymus
- europaeus European euonymus - introduced
- fortunei winter-creeper euonymus - introduced
- grandifolia American beech
- sylvatica European beech - introduced
- americana white ash
- excelsior European ash - introduced
- latifolia Oregon ash
- nigra black ash
- pennsylvanica red and green ashes
- profunda pumpkin ash
- quadrangulata blue ash
Gleditsia triacanthos honey-locust
Gymnocladus dioicus Kentucky coffee-tree
Hamamelis virginiana witch-hazel
Hippophae rhamnoides sea-buckthorn - introduced
Ilex hollies
- aquifolium English holly - introduced
- opaca American holly - introduced
- verticillata common winterberry
- cineria butternut
- nigra black walnut
- regia English walnut - introduced
- chinensis Chinese juniper - introduced
- communis common juniper
- horizontalis creeping juniper
- sabina savin - introduced
- scopulorum rocky mountain juniper
- virginiana Eastern red-cedar
Larix larches
- decidua European larch - introduced
- gmelinii Dahurian larch - introduced
- kaempferi Japanese larch - introduced
- laricina tamarack
- lyallii subalpine larch
- occidentalis western larch
- sibirica Siberian larch - introduced
Liriodendron tulipifera tulip-tree
Maclura pomifera Osage-orange - introduced
Magnolia magnolias
- acuminata cucumber-tree
- x soulangiana saucer magnolia
- baccata Siberian crab apple - introduced
- coronaria wild crab apple
- fusca pacific crab apple
- sylvestris common apple - introduced
Morus mulberries
- alba white mulberry - introduced
- rubra red mulberry
Nemopanthus mucronatus mountain-holly
Nyssa sylvatica black gum
Ostrya virginiana ironwood
Phellodendron amurense Amur corktree - introduced
Picea spruces
- abies Norway spruce - introduced
- engelmannii Engelmann spruce
- glauca white spruce
- mariana black spruce
- omorika Serbian spruce - introduced
- pungens Colorado spruce - introduced
- rubens red spruce
- sitchensis sitka spruce
- albicaulis whitebark pine
- aristata bristlecone pine
- banksiana jack pine
- contorta lodgepole pine
- contorta var. contorta shore pine
- flexilis limber pine
- monticola western white pine
- mugo mugho pine - introduced
- nigra Austrian pine - introduced
- ponderosa ponderosa pine
- resinosa red pine
- rigida pitch pine
- strobus eastern white pine
- sylvestris scots pine
- x acerifolia London plane-tree - introduced
- occidentalis American sycamore
- x acuminata lanceleaf cottonwood
- alba European white poplar - introduced
- angustifolia narrowleaf cottonwood
- balsamifera balsam poplar
- x canadensis carolina poplar - introduced
- deltoides cottonwood
- grandidentata largetoothed aspen
- x jackii Jack's hybrid poplar
- nigra var. italica Lombardy poplar
- simonii simon poplar
- tremuloides trembling aspen
- trichocarpa black cottonwood
- americana American plum
- armeniaca apricot
- avium sweet cherry - introduced
- cerasus sour cherry - introduced
- emarginata bitter cherry
- maackii amur chokecherry - introduced
- nigra Canada plum
- pensylvanica pin cherry
- serotina black cherry
- serrulata Japanese flowering cherry - introduced
- virginiana chokecherry
Ptelea trifoliata common hop-tree
Pyrus communis common pear
Quercus oaks
- alba white oak
- bicolor swamp white oak
- coccinea scarlet oak - introduced
- ellipsoidalis Northern pin oak
- garryana Garry oak
- ilicifolia bear oak
- macrocarpa bur oak
- montana chestnut oak
- muehlenbergii chinquapin oak
- palustris pin oak
- prinoides dwarf chinquapin oak
- robur English oak
- rubra northern red oak
- shumardii shumard oak
- velutina black oak
- cathartica European buckthorn - introduced
- frangula glossy buckthorn - introduced
- purshiana cascara buckthorn
- macrophyllum pacific rhododendron
- maximum rosebay rhododendron - introduced
- copallina shining sumac
- glabra smooth sumac
- typhina staghorn sumac
Sassafras albidum sassafras
Salix willows - too many species to list.
Sambucus elderberry
- callicarpa red-berry elder
- canadensis American elder
- cerulea blue-berry elder
- melanocarpa black-berry elder
- pubens eastern red-berry elder
Sequoia redwoods
- sempervirens California redwood - introduced
- giganteum giant sequoia - introduced
Sorbus mountain-ashes
- americana American mountain-ash
- aucuparia European mountain-ash - introduced
- decora showy mountain-ash
- sitchensis sitka mountain-ash
Taxodium bald-cypresses
- distichum bald-cypress - introduced
- baccata English yew - introduced
- brevifolia western yew
- canadensis Canada yew
- cuspidata Japanese yew - introduced
- occidentalis Eastern white-cedar
- orientalis Oriental-cedar
- plicata Western red-cedar
- americana basswood
- cordata little-leaf linden - introduced
- tomentosa white linden - introduced
Tsuga hemlocks
- canadensis eastern hemlock
- heterophylla western hemlock
- mertensiana mountain hemlock
- americana white elm
- glabra scotch elm - introduced
- procera English elm - introduced
- pumila Siberian elm - introduced
- rubra slippery elm
- thomasii rock elm
- edule squashberry
- lantana wayfaring-tree - introduced
- lentago sweet viburnum, nannyberry
- opulus European highbush-cranberry
- trilobus highbush cranberry
Zelkova serrata Japanese zelkova - introduced