Two ships of the United States Navy have been named USS Dorchester for Dorchester County, Maryland, and Dorchester County, South Carolina.

The first Dorchester, a sailing vessel, served in the Fifth Naval District during 1917-1918.

The second Dorchester (APB-46), a Benewah-class barracks ship, was in commission for only a few months during the occupation of Japan after World War II.

USAT Dorchester was famous for the Four Chaplains. Refering to that United States Army Transport as "USS Dorchester" is incorrect; she was never commissioned into the United States Navy.