Two submarines of the United States Navy have borne the name USS Tang, named for the tang, several West Indian species of surgeonfish.

The first Tang (SS-306) was a Balao-class submarine sunk by her own torpedo during World War II.

The second Tang (SS/AGSS-563) served through the first half of the Cold War. She was the lead ship of her class and the first American submarine designed for underwater performance rather than surfaced speed and handling.