Alphen aan den Rijn (population: 70,661) is a town in the western Netherlands, in the province of South Holland. The town is situated on the banks of the river Rhine, between Leiden and Utrecht. The municipality covers an area of 57.68 km² (of which 2.52 km² water). It also contains the remnants of a Roman fort, called a castellum.

The municipality of Alphen aan den Rijn also includes the following towns, villages and townships: Aarlanderveen, Zwammerdam.

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