Cuenca is a province of central Spain, in the eastern part of the autonomous community of Castile-La Mancha. It is bordered by the provinces of Valencia, Albacete, Ciudad Real, Toledo, Madrid, Guadalajara, and Teruel.

201,614 people (2002) live in the province. Its capital is Cuenca, where nearly a quarter of the population live. There are 238 municipalities in Cuenca; see a list of municipalities in Cuenca.