Merseburg is a city in the south of the German state of Saxony-Anhalt. It had a diocese founded by archbishop Adalbert of Magdeburg.

Thietmar of Merseburg became the first archbishop of the newly created bishopric of Prague in Bohemia, appointed in 973. Prague had been part of the archbishopric of Mainz for a hundred years before that.

It is also the birthplace of classical scholar Lucian Müller.